Reasons and Signs
One such ailment is dermatitis, more popularly known as eczema. Dry skin with additional symptoms such as itching, flaking, redness, blistering, bleeding, or leaking characterizes this skin disease. Itching, redness, and occasional bleeding are the most common symptoms resulting from compulsive scratching brought on by the former. In addition to the redness, lesions can occasionally produce a quick change in the skin’s pigmentation. However, scarring is infrequent.
Eczema and dermatitis are umbrella terminology for skin inflammations with similar signs and symptoms. Atopic eczema, contact dermatitis, xerotic eczema, and seborrhoeic dermatitis are the most prevalent forms of eczema. Most people with dermatitis have atopic eczema, the most prevalent of the four types. There are two types of contact dermatitis: allergic and irritating. The definitions of each one are based on the causes of their state. Contact with allergens causes allergic dermatitis, while contact with irritants like some solvents causes irritant dermatitis. Dry skin, which can progress to dermatitis sometimes, is the root cause of xerotic eczema. Oily scaling of the eyebrows and scalp are common symptoms of seborrhoeic eczema, dermatitis primarily affecting sebum-rich areas of the skin.
It is unclear what triggers eczema in most people. Still, in the case of atopic eczema, it is hypothesized that a combination of dry, irritated skin and an impaired immune system may be to blame. To determine the root of your eczema, your doctor or dermatologist will likely perform a battery of tests. The patient’s medical history, nutrition, and lifestyle choices, as well as any known allergies, are all considered. Testing for allergen levels in the blood or skin patch testing, in which potential irritants are placed on the skin and monitored for an allergic reaction, are only two diagnostic tools available for eczema.
Treatment
The primary goals of treating eczema are to reduce inflammation, alleviate itching, and stop future flare-ups. The wide variety of eczema triggers makes it challenging to develop a foolproof treatment. The good news is that excepting the most extreme situations, there are several things you can do to alleviate the symptoms.
Suppose you can try to limit your use of cleaning products. Eczema sufferers may find that detergents worsen their condition by irritating their skin even more. Most detergents are petrochemical-based, which can cause the skin membrane to become more permeable. Sodium lauryl sulfate, a common ingredient in detergents, has increased the skin’s receptivity to antigens.
You should utilize regular water for most of your body cleansing needs. Only use cleaning products if water alone won’t cut it.
Apply lotion to your skin. One of the causes of eczema’s worsening is dry skin. Therefore, you must maintain a healthy level of moisture in your skin. Avoid using soaps and detergents since these can further rob the skin of natural oils, worsening the condition. Instead, try a body cleanser or emollients that help retain moisture. When applied to the skin, aqueous creams help preserve the skin’s natural oils and may even reduce the need for additional moisturizing. Light aqueous creams may not be very effective on dehydrated skin. Thus, thicker ointments may be used instead.
To keep your skin’s moisture in, use an emollient cream or lotion just after you get out of the shower. If you want the emollients to remain in contact with your skin while you sleep, you can wear moisturizing gloves. Waterproof tape can be applied directly to intact skin to boost moisture levels and promote faster healing. If you use this treatment, you won’t have to scratch as often, relieving the itching and protecting your skin from splitting.
Apply anti-inflammatory lotions and antihistamines. Allergens can wreak havoc on your skin and create itching. To alleviate allergy symptoms like itching, antihistamines work by blocking the action of histamines in the body. The most effective antihistamines include diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine, and cyproheptadine. If you relieve the itch, you won’t scratch so you won’t risk skin damage or infection.
Topical corticosteroid creams and lotions are effective at reducing inflammation. Hydrocortisone is an alternative to glucocorticoid for mild to moderate eczema. If a treatment doesn’t seem to work, a doctor would typically start with a lower-strength medication and work their way up. One potential side effect of corticosteroids is increased skin thinness and fragility. This means they should be used sparingly, just when necessary for eczema control, and switched out for emollients. These interventions should always be performed under a doctor’s watchful eye.
Wash gently. When you have eczema, several doctors suggest avoiding long baths. However, keeping yourself clean and fresh and staying hydrated is essential. To prevent dryness and flaking, your skin requires a constant water supply. It is recommended that you take a bath rather than a shower. However, there are a few things to remember every time you hop in the tub.
Lukewarm water is best, neither too hot nor too cold.
It’s not a good idea to take long, steamy showers.
* Avoid using soap as much as possible. Much like detergents, most soaps can strip the skin of natural oils.
Don’t use bubble baths or anything else scented.
*When washing off shampoo, try to limit the amount of water that gets on your skin.
Put on some soothing bath oils.
After drying off from a shower, pat your skin dry instead of rubbing it.
After two weeks, if your skin condition has not improved or your symptoms have worsened after following the advice above, you should schedule an appointment with your doctor. The dermatitis may be just a symptom of something much more severe.
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